Subjunctive

SUBJUNCTIVE

A.   Kinds of Subjunctive Words

Ø  Wish                      (Berharap)

Ø  Would Rather       (Lebih suka)

Ø  As if / As though  (Seolah-olah)

Ø  If only                   (Kalau saja)

B.   Kinds of Tenses

1.     

S+Wish+That+S.Past

Present Subjunctive

v  Wish

Verbal sentence

He	Wishes	That	I came to her house	Today
Subject	Subjunctive	Conjunction	Simple Past	Time signal

The fact: I don’t come to her house today.

Nominal sentence

They	Wish	That	She were at home	Now
Subject	Subjunctive	Conjunction	Simple Past	Time signal

The fact: She is not at home now

S+Would Rather+That+S.Past

 

v  Would Rather

Verbal sentence

I	Would Rather	That	You didn’t go any where
Subject	Subjunctive	Conjunction	Simple Past

The fact: You go today

Nominal sentence

The students	Would Rather	That	The teacher were not in the class
Subject	Subjunctive	Conjunction	Simple Past

The fact: The teacher is in the class

v 

S.Present+As if/as though+S. Past

As if /As though 

Verbal sentence

She	Acts	As if	She didn’t have any problem
Subject	Verb	Subjunctive	Simple Past

The fact: She has a problem.

Nominal sentence

I	Speak	As though	I were a professor
Subject	Verb	Subjunctive	Simple Past

The fact: I am not a professor.

If only + S.Past + Past Future

 

v  If only

Verbal sentence

If only	I had a car	Now	I would invite you to go
Subjunctive	S.Past	Adverb	Simple Past

The fact: I don’t have any car.

Nominal sentence

If only	She were my girl friend	Today	I would give her a flower
Subjunctive	S.Past	Adverb	Simple Past

The fact: She is not my girl friend.

2.    

S+Wish+That+Past perfect

Past Subjunctive

v  Wish

Verbal sentence

I	Wish	That	My father had given me money
Subject	Subjunctive	Conjunction	Past Perfect

The fact: My father didn’t give me money.

Nominal sentence

She	Wish	That	She had been in Jogja yesterday
Subject	Subjunctive	Conjunction	Past Perfect

The fact: She was not in Jogja yesterday.

S + Would Rather + That + Past Perfect

 

v  Would Rather

Verbal sentence

He	Would Rather	That	I had done my home work two days ago
Subject	Subjunctive	Conjunction	Past Perfect

The fact: I didn’t do my home work.

Nominal sentence

I	Would Rather	That	He had been a teacher
Subject	Subjunctive	Conjunction	Past perfect

The fact: He was not a teacher.

S.Past + As if/as though + Past Perfect

 

v  As if /As though 

Verbal sentence

You looked so fresh	As if	You had taken a bath
S. Past	Subjunctive	Past perfect

The fact: You didn’t take a bath.

Nominal sentence

They told about Canada	As though	She had ever been in Canada
S. Past	Subjunctive	Past Perfect

The fact: They were never in Canada.

If only + Past Perfect + Past Future Perfect

 

v  If only

Verbal sentence

If only	I had invited her	She would have come to my party
Subjunctive	Past Perfect	Past Future Perfect

The fact: I didn’t invite her.

Nominal sentence

If only	I had been the best student	My father would have given me a present
Subjunctive	Past Perfect	Past Future Perfect

The fact: I was not the best student.